【美国移民事项】绿卡申请流程

Page Title 标题

Summary 概述

Green Card Eligibility Categories
绿卡申请资格类型

Determine if you are eligible for permanent resident status. Review the eligibility requirements needed before applying for your Green Card.
确定您是否有资格申请成为永久住民。申请绿卡前，请先查阅相关的申请资格要求。

Adjustment of Status
身份调整

Adjusting your status to a permanent resident is the process immigrants use to get a Green Card while in the United States.
美国境内移民可通过身份调整程序将身份调整为永久住民，从而获取绿卡。

Consular Processing
领事馆程序

Consular processing is the method immigrants use to get their Green Card when outside the United States or when ineligible to adjust status in the United States.
美国境外移民不可在美国境内进行身份调整，但可通过领事馆程序获取绿卡。

Concurrent Filing
双递交

When getting a Green Card through employment, family, or as a special immigrant, someone may need to file a petition for you. Concurrent filing is generally when the immigrant petition is filed at the same time you file your application to get a Green Card. Learn what concurrent filing is and what categories are eligible to concurrently file.
双递交允许您在递交绿卡申请的同时，递交以雇佣关系、家庭关系、特殊移民身份填写的移民申请。请了解什么是双递交，以及可进行双递交的资格类型。

Visa Availability and Priority Date
签证排期与优先日期

In general, a visa must be available for you before you can apply for a Green Card. In some categories, visas are always available, while in others, there are a limited number. Priority dates are given to immigrants waiting in line to get an immigrant visa and determine when a visa becomes available. Learn how to tell if a visa is available to you.
一般来说，在可申请绿卡前，必须先获得签证。部分类型的签证可随时办理，其他类型则有数量限制。排号中的移民人员会分配到优先日期，用于获取移民签证和确定签证发放时间。请了解如何判断您是否可以获取签证。

Travel Documents
旅行文件

Learn more about if and when you can travel outside the United States after applying for a Green Card or once you have a Green Card. You can also learn how to apply for advance parole, a Refugee Travel Document, and a re-entry permit.
请了解更多关于您申请美国绿卡后/当您持有美国绿卡时，您何时可以/是否可以在美国境外旅行。您还可以了解如何申请回美证、难民旅行证、返美证。

Employment Authorization Document
工卡

Learn more about if you are eligible for work authorization in the United States and how to apply for an Employment Authorization Document (EAD).
请了解您是否有资格获得在美国工作的授权，以及如何申请工卡。

Immigration Medical Examinations
移民体检

Most applications for a Green Card require a medical exam. Learn about who must complete a medical exam and the specific forms and procedures that you must follow.
大多数类型的绿卡申请都要求进行体检，请了解要求体检的申请类型以及相应的填报表单与流程。

Affidavit of Support
经济担保证明

An affidavit of support is a form that a sponsor files on your behalf when you are applying for a Green Card or immigrant visa. It is required for some (but not all) categories of immigrants before they can become a permanent resident of the United States. The purpose of the form is to show you have the financial means to live in the United States without needing welfare or financial benefits from the U.S. government.
申请绿卡或移民签证时，您的资助人需以您的名义提供一份经济担保证明文件，该文件是部分（并非所有类型的）移民获取美国永久居民身份时所必需的文件。经济担保证明用以体现您的经济能力，确保您能够在美国境内经济自立，而不依赖于美国政府提供的各类福利及经济援助。

Public Charge
公共负担

To get a Green Card, most immigrants must show that they will not become a public charge. Learn more about public charge.
大多数类型的移民都需要在申请美国绿卡时证明他们不会在美国成为公共负担。请了解公共负担的更多信息。

Child Status Protection Act
儿童身份保护法

Your age can determine whether you are eligible for a Green Card as a “child.” The Child Status Protection Act, often referred to as CSPA, allows certain children who have aged out (become 21 years or older) after an immigrant petition has been filed to still be eligible for a Green Card through their parents.
年龄合规者能够以“儿童”身份申请绿卡，《儿童身份保护法》（CSPA）则允许特定儿童在发起了移民申请后即使超出年龄上限（21岁或以上），也可以通过父母申请绿卡。

Transfer of Underlying Basis
申请类型转移

An adjustment of status applicant occasionally prefers to have their pending application considered under a different immigrant category. For more information about transferring, see the USCIS Policy Manual.

身份调整申请人常常倾向于将审批中的申请转入其他移民类型中进行处理，查看移民局政策手册以了解更多此类转移的相关信息。

To transfer the basis of your pending adjustment of status application to a different eligibility category, you generally must submit a written request to the USCIS office with jurisdiction over the application. USCIS has also established a new location that should be used for submitting transfer requests between employment-based categories. See Green Card for Employment-Based Immigrants, Transfer of Underlying Basis.
若要将您审批中的身份调整申请转入其他资格类型，您通常须向具有相关管辖权的美国移民局办事处提交书面申请。美国移民局也为此专门设立了办事处，用以受理在各职业移民类型间的转移申请。参见职业移民绿卡、申请类型转移。